Q: What is the prime factorization of the number 500,432?

 A:
  • The prime factors are: 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 31,277
    • or also written as { 2, 2, 2, 2, 31,277 }
  • Written in exponential form: 24 x 31,2771

Why is the prime factorization of 500,432 written as 24 x 31,2771?

What is prime factorization?

Prime factorization or prime factor decomposition is the process of finding which prime numbers can be multiplied together to make the original number.

Finding the prime factors of 500,432

To find the prime factors, you start by dividing the number by the first prime number, which is 2. If there is not a remainder, meaning you can divide evenly, then 2 is a factor of the number. Continue dividing by 2 until you cannot divide evenly anymore. Write down how many 2's you were able to divide by evenly. Now try dividing by the next prime factor, which is 3. The goal is to get to a quotient of 1.

If it doesn't make sense yet, let's try it...

Here are the first several prime factors: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29...

Let's start by dividing 500,432 by 2

500,432 ÷ 2 = 250,216 - No remainder! 2 is one of the factors!
250,216 ÷ 2 = 125,108 - No remainder! 2 is one of the factors!
125,108 ÷ 2 = 62,554 - No remainder! 2 is one of the factors!
62,554 ÷ 2 = 31,277 - No remainder! 2 is one of the factors!
31,277 ÷ 2 = 15,638.5 - There is a remainder. We can't divide by 2 evenly anymore. Let's try the next prime number
31,277 ÷ 3 = 10,425.6667 - This has a remainder. 3 is not a factor.
31,277 ÷ 5 = 6,255.4 - This has a remainder. 5 is not a factor.
31,277 ÷ 7 = 4,468.1429 - This has a remainder. 7 is not a factor.
...
Keep trying increasingly larger numbers until you find one that divides evenly.
...
31,277 ÷ 31,277 = 1 - No remainder! 31,277 is one of the factors!

The orange divisor(s) above are the prime factors of the number 500,432. If we put all of it together we have the factors 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 31,277 = 500,432. It can also be written in exponential form as 24 x 31,2771.

Factor Tree

Another way to do prime factorization is to use a factor tree. Below is a factor tree for the number 500,432.

500,432
Factor Arrows
2250,216
Factor Arrows
2125,108
Factor Arrows
262,554
Factor Arrows
231,277

More Prime Factorization Examples

500,430500,431500,433500,434
21 x 31 x 51 x 71 x 2,3831500,431131 x 311 x 5,381121 x 111 x 232 x 431

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